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Many of the privileged people in the U.S. have a large carbon footprint. Because these Americans are so privileged and have lots of money, they use materials and water more for their own purpose and probably don't think about how their actions are affecting the environment. Many Americans are also probably not aware of the affects that they have on the environment and therefore don't know to stop harming the environment.
I live in an area where many of the actions that hurt the environment are just kind of accepted. Things like wasting food, having really long showers, not conserving water in any ways possible, or not recycling and composting what can be recycled and composted and instead just throwing it away into the trash are normal and many people do that.
There were many negative environmental impacts during the California gold rush. Miners used lots of water and dug up lots land which hurt the environment.
The indigenous people had their own way of life and they utilized the environment in ways that probably didn't damage the environment that much or at least much less than the people who came to America. The indigenous people didn't know what to do or what to think when people came to their homeland and asked them to sign a contract or to cut down a tree. They just weren't educated enough to know what they were getting themselves into or that they were damaging the environment.